@article{oai:hirosaki.repo.nii.ac.jp:00006188,
 author = {Iida, Keiichiro and Nakaji, Shigeyuki and Mikami, Makoto and Yokoi, Katsunori and Saito, Yuriko and Wada, Naoko and kasai, Sayaka and Fukushima, Manabu and Higuchi, Ayako and Urushidate, Satoshi},
 issue = {2-4},
 journal = {弘前医学},
 month = {Mar},
 note = {Background: Ptosis is caused mainly by age-related degeneration of the aponeurosis caused by lifestylerelateddiseases. Some patients with ptosis complain of stiff shoulders and headaches. There have been few actualepidemiological investigations of aponeurotic ptosis and these symptoms. We aimed to find their prevalence andassociated characteristics of ptosis in Japanese general population.
Methods: The target population consisted of 1004 volunteers who took part in the 2016 Iwaki Health PromotionProject. We administered a questionnaire, took blood samples, took physical measurements, and measured marginalreflex distance（ MRD-1） in each participant. The relationship between survey items（ age, gender, difficulty in raisingeyelids, headache, stiff shoulders, hypertension, diabetes, dyslipidemia, and body mass index［ BMI］） and eyelid droopwas examined statistically.
Results: The prevalence of ptosis in this study was 15.4%. Ptosis prevalence correlated with elderly people 65years or older （odds ratio. 3.07, 95% CI: 2.02–4.66）, male sex （odds ratio. 0.29, 95% CI: 0.20–0.43）, hypertension （oddsratio. 1.68, 95% CI: 1.11–2.54） and dyslipidemia（ odds ratio. 1.51, 95% CI: 1.02–2.23）.
Conclusions: The present results suggested that hypertension, dyslipidemia and male sex were thought to be therisk factors of aponeurotic ptosis in Japanese general population.},
 pages = {131--137},
 title = {Prevalence and associated characteristics of aponeurotic ptosis among a general population in Japan},
 volume = {71},
 year = {2021}
}